Compare staffs Compare two jar files: 1diff -W200 -y <(unzip -vqq file1.jar | awk '{ if ($1 > 0) {printf("%s\t%s\n", $1, $8)}}' | sort -k2) <(unzip -vqq file2.jar | awk '{ if ($1 > 0) {printf("%s\t%s\n", $1, $8)}}' | sort -k2)
Find a process blocking a file with fuser: 1fuser -m </dir or /files> # Find process blocking/using this directory or files. 2fuser -cu </dir or /files> # Same as above but add the user 3fuser -kcu </dir or /files> # Kill process 4fuser -v -k -HUP -i ./ # Send HUP signal to process 5 6# Output will send you <PID + letter>, here is the meaning: 7# c current directory. 8# e executable being run. 9# f open file. (omitted in default display mode). 10# F open file for writing. (omitted in default display mode). 11# r root directory. 12# m mmap'ed file or shared library. with lsof ( = list open file): 1lsof +D /var/log # Find all files blocked with the process and user. 2lsof -a +L1 <mountpoint> # Process blocking a FS. 3lsof -c ssh -c init # Find files open by thoses processes. 4lsof -p 1753 # Find files open by PID process. 5lsof -u root # Find files open by user. 6lsof -u ^user # Find files open by user except this one. 7kill -9 `lsof -t -u toto` # kill user's processes. (option -t output only PID). MacGyver method: 1#When you have no fuser or lsof: 2find /proc/*/fd -type f -links 0 -exec ls -lrt {} \;
Basic Troubleshooting Checks interfaces 1nmcli con show 2NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE 3ens192 4d0087a0-740a-4356-8d9e-f58b63fd180c ethernet ens192 4ens224 3dcb022b-62a2-4632-8b69-ab68e1901e3b ethernet ens224 5 6nmcli dev status 7DEVICE TYPE STATE CONNECTION 8ens192 ethernet connected ens192 9ens224 ethernet connected ens224 10ens256 ethernet connected ens256 11lo loopback unmanaged -- 12 13# Get interfaces details : 14nmcli connection show ens192 15nmcli -p con show ens192 16 17# Get DNS settings in interface 18UUID=$(nmcli --get-values connection.uuid c show "cloud-init eth0") 19nmcli --get-values ipv4.dns c show $UUID Changing Interface name 1nmcli connection add type ethernet mac "00:50:56:80:11:ff" ifname "ens224" 2nmcli connection add type ethernet mac "00:50:56:80:8a:0b" ifname "ens256" Create a custom config 1nmcli con load /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens224 2nmcli con up ens192 Adding a Virtual IP 1nmcli con mod enp1s0 +ipv4.addresses "192.168.122.11/24" 2ip addr del 10.163.148.36/24 dev ens160 3 4nmcli con reload # before to reapply 5nmcli device reapply ens224 6systemctl status network.service 7systemctl restart network.service Add a DNS entry 1UUID=$(nmcli --get-values connection.uuid c show "cloud-init eth0") 2DNS_LIST=$(nmcli --get-values ipv4.dns c show $UUID) 3nmcli conn modify "$UUID" ipv4.dns "${DNS_LIST} ${DNS_IP}" 4 5# /etc/resolved is managed by systemd-resolved 6sudo systemctl restart systemd-resolved
Server Side First Install samba and samba-client (for debug + test)
/etc/samba/smb.conf 1[home] 2Workgroup=WORKGROUP (le grp par defaul sur windows) 3Hosts allow = ... 4[shared] 5browseable = yes 6path = /shared 7valid users = user01, @un_group_au_choix 8writable = yes 9passdb backend = tdbsam #passwords are stored in the /var/lib/samba/private/passdb.tdb file. Test samba config testparm
/usr/bin/testparm -s /etc/samba/smb.conf
smbclient -L \192.168.56.102 -U test : list all samba shares available
smbclient //192.168.56.102/sharedrepo -U test : connect to the share
pdbedit -L : list user smb (better than smbclient)
SSHFS SshFS sert à monter sur son FS, un autre système de fichier distant, à travers une connexion SSH, le tout avec des droits utilisateur. L’avantage est de manipuler les données distantes avec n’importe quel gestionnaire de fichier (Nautilus, Konqueror, ROX, ou même la ligne de commande).
- Pre-requis : droits d'administration, connexion ethernet, installation de FUSE et du paquet SSHFS. - Les utilisateurs de sshfs doivent faire partie du groupe fuse. Rq : FUSE permet à un utilisateur de monter lui-même un système de fichier. Normalement, pour monter un système de fichier, il faut être administrateur ou que celui-ci l’ait prévu dans « /etc/fstab » avec des informations en dur.
Tar - « tape archiver » Preserve files permissions and ownership.
The Basic
1# Archive 2tar cvf mon_archive.tar <fichier1> <fichier2> </rep/doosier/> 3 4## Archive and compress with zstd everything in the current dir and push to /target/dir 5tar -I zstd -vcf archive.tar.zstd -C /target/dir . 6 7# Extract 8tar xvf mon_archive.tar 9 10# Extract push to target dir 11tar -zxvf new.tar.gz -C /target/dir Other usefull options • t : list archive’s content. • T : Archive list given by a file. • P : Absolute path is preserve (usefull for backup /etc) • X : exclude • z : compression Gunzip • j : compression Bzip2 • J : compression Lzmacd
Most usefull shortcut Ctrl + r : Search and reverse. (ctrl+r pour remonter l’history). Ctrl + l : Clear the screen (instead to use “clear” command). Ctrl + p : Repeat last command. Ctrl + x + Ctrl + e : Edit the current command on an external editor. (Need to define export EDITOR=vim ). Ctrl + shift + v : Copy / paste in linux. Ctrl + a : Move to the begin of the line.
Ctrl + e : Move to the end of the line.
Ctrl + xx : Move to the opposite end of the line.
Ctrl + left : Move to left one word. Ctrl + right : Move to right one word.
Trust a CA on Linux host 1# [RHEL] RootCA from DC need to be installed on host: 2cp my-domain-issuing.crt /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/my_domain_issuing.crt 3cp my-domain-rootca.crt /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/my_domain_rootca.crt 4update-ca-trust extract 5 6# [Ubuntu] 7sudo apt-get install -y ca-certificates 8sudo cp local-ca.crt /usr/local/share/ca-certificates 9sudo update-ca-certificates
Server Idm - Identity Manager prerequisites :
repository configured NTP synchronize check config DHCP/DNS hostname -f == hostname acces to webui IDM : https://idm01.idm.ad-support.local/ipa/ui/ 1yum install -y ipa-server ipa-server-dns 2 3ipa-server-install \ 4 --domain=example.com \ 5 --realm=EXAMPLE.COM \ 6 --ds-password=password \ 7 --admin-password=password \ 8 --hostname=classroom.example.com \ 9 --ip-address=172.25.0.254 \ 10 --reverse-zone=0.25.172.in-addr.arpa. \ 11 --forwarder=208.67.222.222 \ 12 --allow-zone-overlap \ 13 --setup-dns \ 14 --unattended Client link to IDM 1yum install -y ipa-client 2 3ipa-client-install --mkhomedir --enable-dns-updates --force-ntpd -p admin@EXAMPLE.COM --password='password' --force-join -U 4 5# Test login 6echo -n 'password' | kinit admin Script if DNS config is right for a IDM server 1sudo sh -c "cat <<EOF > ~/IdmZoneCheck.sh 2#!/bin/bash 3### IdM zone check ### 4# Check if the zone name is provided as a parameter # 5if [ -z "$1" ]; 6then 7 echo -e "Provide the zone name to be checked as a parameter!\n(ex: IdmZoneCheck.sh domain.local)" 8 exit 9fi 10clear 11echo -e "### IDM / TCP ###\n\n" 12echo -e "TCP / kerberos-master (SRV)" 13dig +short _kerberos-master._tcp.$1. SRV 14echo -e "_TCP / kerberos (SRV)" 15dig +short _kerberos._tcp.$1. SRV 16echo -e "_TCP / kpasswd (SRV)" 17dig +short _kpasswd._tcp.$1. SRV 18echo -e "_TCP / ldap (SRV)" 19dig +short _ldap._tcp.$1. SRV 20echo -e "\n### IDM / UDP ###\n\n" 21echo -e "_UDP / kerberos-master (SRV)" 22dig +short _kerberos-master._udp.$1. SRV 23echo -e "_UDP / kerberos (SRV)" 24dig +short _kerberos._udp.$1. SRV 25echo -e "_UCP / kpasswd (SRV)" 26dig +short _kpasswd._udp.$1. SRV 27echo -e "\n### IDM / MSDCS DC TCP ###\n\n" 28echo -e "_MSDCS / TCP / kerberos (SRV)" 29dig +short _kerberos._tcp.dc._msdcs.$1. SRV 30echo -e "_MSDCS / TCP / ldap (SRV)" 31dig +short _ldap._tcp.dc._msdcs.$1. SRV 32echo -e "\n### IDM / MSDCS DC UDP ###\n\n" 33echo -e "_MSDCS / UDP / kerberos (SRV)" 34dig +short _kerberos._udp.dc._msdcs.$1. SRV 35echo -e "\n### IDM / REALM ###\n\n" 36echo -e "REALM (TXT)" 37dig +short _kerberos.$1. TXT 38echo -e "\n### IDM / CA ###\n\n" 39echo -e "A / ipa-ca" 40dig +short ipa-ca.$1. A 41echo -e "\n### IDM / A ###\n\n" 42echo -e "A / $HOSTNAME" 43dig +short $HOSTNAME. A 44EOF Script usage : 1./IdmZoneCheck.sh idm.ad-support.local
Manuals for commands man <cmd> : Open man page of command.
space : go ahead page by page. b : go back page by page. q : quit. Enter : go line by line. /<word> : search a word in man. n : go to the next expression that you search. N : go back to search expression. man -k <key word> : look for in all man for your key words.
man -k <word1>.*<word2> : “.*” allow to search several words. whatis <cmd> : give short explaination about the command.
Satellite - Repository
